ENGINEERING IN SOCIETY – HND PAST QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

This Article shows Past Questions and Answer workings in Engineering In Society for Higher National Diploma (HND) Students of Mechanical Engineering Technology Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi.

This Past Questions and Answers is helpful to all students in School of Engineering offering this general course; Engineering In Society (EIS 311). For those currently writing their on going exams in the Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, this is the past questions and answers for you to study.

N.B – These questions and answers are uploaded only as a guide and ease for your studies.

Below are the Questions:

AUCHI POLYTECHNIC, AUCHI

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2022/2023 SESSION

CLASS: HND I POWER AND MANUFACTURING

COURSE: ENGINEER IN SOCIETY (EIS 311)

DURATION: 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTION: Attempt any (5) Five questions, All question carry equal marks (12 marks each).

QUESTION ONE

(a) Who is an Engineer?

(b) What is the connection between science. Engineering and Technology

(c) Clearly differentiate between Science and Technology

QUESTION TWO

(a) Name (4) four areas of specialization within Mechanical Engineering Profession

(b) Who are the member of the Engineering family?

(c) What is the role of an Engineer in Nigeria politics?

QUESTION THREE

(a) Enumerate six (6) different membership grades that exist in the Nigerian society of Engineer (NSE) (4 marks)

(b) What are the aims and objectives of technical education in Nigeria?

(c) Outline some of the drawbacks of Civilization of early advancement of Technology.

QUESTION FOUR

Highlight the importance of Professional registration to:

(a) The Public

(b) The Individual

(c) The Employer

QUESTION FIVE

(a) Write short note on: (i) Bronze Age,  (ii) Iron Age

(b) State any four (4) hindrances to research and development in Nigeria

(c) State the fundamental principles of professional Engineering ethics

QUESTION SIX

(a) Mention (7) seven fundamental canons guiding Engineering practice

(b) List any (5) five Engineering professional bodies in Nigeria

QUESTION SEVEN

(a) What are the responsibilities assigned to the Engineer, the Technologist personnel within

the Engineering family.

(b) Outline the procedure for ERM inspection.

Study the Answers Available!

AUCHI POLYTECHNIC, AUCHI

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2022/2023 SESSION

(ANSWERS TO PAST QUESTIONS)

CLASS: HND I POWER AND MANUFACTURING

COURSE: ENGINEER IN SOCIETY (EIS 311)

ANSWER ONE

(a) An engineer is one who applies knowledge to science, technology and economic to the definition and solution of solving real social economic and ecological problem. He manage, supervise, design, analyze the engineering system and material by using his training

(b) The connection between Science, Engineering and Technology

— Science is defined as a systematic study of nature and behavior of material and physical universal as well as formulating law to describe the fact in general terms.

— Technology can be defined as the systematic study of techniques for solving problems. It is the practical use of knowledge or the use of techniques and knowledge to solve problems.

— Engineering is defined as the application of science tocluding mathematics to optimal provision of physical product and services from the available human and material resources.

(c) Differentiating between Science and Technology

Science:

– Focuses on understanding natural phenomena and laws

– Seeks to explain how things work and why

– Concerned with discovering principles, theories, and laws

– Emphasizes empirical evidence, observation, and experimentation

– Aims to expand knowledge and understanding

Technology:

– Applies scientific knowledge for practical purposes

– Focuses on creating products, systems, and processes

– Concerned with designing, building, and improving things

– Emphasizes problem-solving, innovation, and efficiency

– Aims to create useful applications and solutions

In summary, science seeks knowledge, while technology applies that knowledge to create innovations.

ANSWER TWO

(a) Four (4) areas of specialization within Mechanical Engineering Profession

i. Mechatronics Engineering: Deals with the design, development, and control of intelligent systems with enhanced functionality, such as robotics, autonomous vehicles, and smart buildings.

ii. Thermal Engineering: Focuses on the transfer of heat, fluids, and energy, encompassing areas like HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning), refrigeration, and power generation.

iii. Structural Analysis and Design: Involves the analysis and design of mechanical systems, including stress analysis, vibration analysis, and failure prevention, to ensure the safety and integrity of structures and components.

iv. Fluid Mechanics and Dynamics: Concerned with the behavior of fluids under various forces and conditions, including fluid flow, pressure, and temperature, with applications in areas like aerodynamics, hydraulics, and pipeline engineering.

(b)  The engineering family consists of various disciplines, including:

i. Aerospace Engineer, ii. Agricultural Engineer

iii. Electrical Engineer, iv. Biomedical Engineer

v. Chemical Engineer, vi. Civil Engineer

vii. Computer Hardware Engineer, viii. Environmental Engineer

ix. Mechanical Engineer, x. Industrial Engineer

xi. Marine Engineer, xii. Materials Engineer

xiii. Mechatronics Engineer, xiv. Software Engineer

xv. Nuclear Engineer, xvi. Petroleum Engineer

(c) The role of an Engineer in Nigeria politics.

If one have money and have no policy power, is money can be taken from him, if one have freedom and don’t participate in politics, freedom may be restricted. If an engineer has the power but does not participate in politics his power can be restricted. Therefore the engineer join politics to help them to be able to participate in law formulating in technological growth of the nation.

ANSWER THREE

(a) The six (6) different membership grades that exist in the Nigerian society of Engineer (NSE)

i. Student Member (O’ Level student): Open to undergraduate students studying engineering or related courses.

ii. Graduate Member: For individuals with a degree in engineering or related fields, who have less than 5 years of post-graduation experience.

iii. Corporate Member: For individuals with a degree in engineering or related fields, who have at least 5 years of post-graduation experience and have satisfied the Professional Interview requirements.

iv. Fellow: A high honor bestowed on Corporate Members who have made significant contributions to the engineering profession and have at least 10 years of post-graduation experience.

v. Honorary Fellow: A special grade conferred on individuals who have made outstanding contributions to engineering or related fields, but may not be engineers themselves.

vi. Distinguished Fellow: The highest honor in the NSE, reserved for individuals who have made extraordinary contributions to engineering and have achieved national or international recognition.

(b) Aims and objectives of technical education in Nigeria?

i. Providing trained manpower in technology, advanced craft, and technical levels.

ii. Providing vocational skills for agricultural and economic development.

iii. Providing a targeted form of skill acquisition for the youths.

iv. Promoting general and practical education in Nigeria.

v. Playing a dynamic role in the task of Nation building.

vi. Producing for the Nigerian market competent professionals

vii. Producing citizenship training and education for character and moral development.

(c) The drawbacks of Civilization of early advancement of Technology.

– No communication system

– Mode of operation

– Transportation was slow

– Inequality

– Technological unemployment

– Security and prevailing risk

– War among empire or nation

ANSWER  FOUR

Highlighting the importance of Professional registration to:

(a) The Public

– Ensures public safety and well-being by guaranteeing that professionals meet standards and are competent.

– Builds trust and confidence in professionals and their services.

– Protects consumers from unqualified or unethical practitioners.

(b) The Individual

– Demonstrates expertise and commitment to the profession.

– Enhances career prospects and opportunities.

– Increases earning potential and recognition.

– Provides a sense of personal achievement and pride.

(c) The Empłoyer

– Verifies an employee’s qualifications and competence.

– Reduces liability and risk by ensuring employees meet standards.

– Enhances the organization’s reputation and credibility.

– Supports staff development and training.

ANSWER FIVE

(a) Short note on:

(i) Bronze Age — This period bronze was used to produce all manufactured tools, weapon and other home articles. It was made up of thin and copper which is used to produce metal.

In Bronze age, The Egyptians develop the standard of length and weight. They also introduce objection and decimal and using clay to write. From bronze – bronze, ropes and stones where used to make weapon, tools and construction.

(ii) Iron Age — The Iron Age was a period in human history that began around 1200 BCE and ended around 500 BCE, characterized by the widespread use of iron tools, weapons, and technology. This era followed the Bronze Age and marked a significant technological advancement, as iron is stronger and more durable than bronze.

During the Iron Age, ironworking techniques improved, leading to Development of new tools and weapons, Increased agricultural productivity, Expansion of trade and commerce, Growth of cities and states, Emergence of new cultures and civilizations.

(b) Four (4) hindrances to research and development in Nigeria

i. Lack of adequate funding: Research and development require significant funding to support projects, researchers, and infrastructure. However, Nigeria’s budget allocation for research and development is often insufficient, limiting the scope and quality of research projects.

ii. Poor infrastructure: Research institutions in Nigeria often lack modern equipment, libraries, and internet connectivity, making it difficult for researchers to conduct studies and access relevant information.

iii. Brain drain: Many Nigerian researchers and scientists emigrate to other countries due to better opportunities, political instability, or unfavorable working conditions, leading to a loss of expertise and talent in the country.

iv. Political instability and corruption: Political instability, corruption, and bureaucratic bottlenecks can hinder research and development in Nigeria. This can lead to delays in project implementation, misallocation of funds, and a lack of transparency and accountability.

(c) The fundamental principles of professional Engineering ethics

i. Public Safety: Engineers prioritize public safety and well-being above all else.

ii. Integrity: Engineers are honest, trustworthy, and transparent in their work and dealings.

iii. Objectivity: Engineers remain impartial and unbiased in their professional judgments and decisions.

iv. Responsibility: Engineers take responsibility for their work and actions, acknowledging and learning from mistakes.

v. Respect for the Law: Engineers comply with relevant laws, regulations, and standards.

ANSWER SIX

(a) Seven (7) fundamental canons guiding Engineering practice

i. Safety , ii. Responsibility, iii. Competency

iv. Honesty,  v. Teamwork,  vi. Fairness, vii. Professionalism 

(b) Five (5) Engineering professional bodies in Nigeria

i. Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria (COREN): The regulatory body for engineering in Nigeria, responsible for ensuring the standards and practices of engineering professionals.

ii. Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE): A professional body for engineers in Nigeria, aimed at promoting the profession and supporting its members.

iii. Association of Consulting Engineers in Nigeria (ACEN): A body that promotes the growth and improvement of consulting engineering firms in Nigeria.

iv. Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE) Nigeria Council: A professional organization for petroleum engineers in Nigeria, focused on sharing technical knowledge and best practices.

v. Nigerian Institution of Civil Engineers (NICE): A professional body for civil engineers in Nigeria, dedicated to advancing the field and supporting its members.

ANSWER SEVEN

(a) The responsibilities assigned to the Engineer, the Technologist personnel within

the Engineering family.

Engineers:

– Design, develop, and test systems, products, and solutions

– Apply mathematical and scientific principles to solve complex problems

– Lead projects and teams

– Make technical decisions and recommendations

– Develop and implement new technologies and processes

– Ensure safety, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness

Technologists:

– Assist in design, development, and testing

– Apply practical knowledge and skills to support engineering projects

– Conduct tests, measurements, and analyses

– Install, operate, and maintain equipment and systems

– Troubleshoot and resolve technical issues

– Support project management and coordination

Engineers focus on high-level design, development, and leadership, Technologists focus on practical application, implementation, and support. Both roles are essential to the engineering family and work together to deliver successful projects and solutions.

(b) The procedure for ERM (Enterprise Risk Management) inspection:

i. Planning and Preparation

ii. Risk Identification and Assessment

iii. Risk Response and Mitigating

iv. Control Activities

v. Information and Communication

vi. Monitoring and Review

vii. Reporting and Recommendations

viii. Follow-up and Implementation

Goodluck in your Exams…